how to free up icloud storage

You can free up iCloud storage by deleting unused content like old backups, large message attachments, and unnecessary files, or by upgrading your storage plan.

Delete or Manage Backups. Go to Settings > [Your Name] > iCloud > Manage Account Storage > Backups to find and delete backups from old devices you no longer use. You can also reduce the size of your current backup by turning off data syncing for apps you do not need.
Clear Messages and Attachments. In the Messages app, you can delete entire conversations or remove specific large attachments like photos and videos. You can also adjust your message history settings to keep messages for a shorter period, such as one year instead of forever.
Clean Up iCloud Drive. Use the Files app to delete unnecessary documents, PDFs, and folders from iCloud Drive. Remember to empty the Recently Deleted folder in the Files app to permanently free up the space.
Manage iCloud Mail. Delete old emails with large attachments in the Mail app. You can use filters to find messages with attachments, and ensure you empty the Trash folder after deleting them to reclaim the storage.